Swaich, Anmol
Richardson, Lindsey
Cui, Zishan
DeBeck, Kora
Milloy, M-J
Kerr, Thomas
Hayashi, Kanna
Funding for this research was provided by:
Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University
Canadian Institutes of Health Research
Canada Research Chairs Program
Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research
St. Paul’s Foundation
US National Institutes of Health (U01DA021525, U01DA038886, U01DA038886)
Article History
Received: 13 January 2023
Accepted: 18 May 2023
First Online: 30 May 2023
Declarations
:
: All cohorts have received approvals from the Providence Health Care/the University of British Columbia (research ethics board certificate numbers: H14-01396 for VIDUS and ARYS cohorts; and is H05-50233 for ACCESS cohort). All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the Providence Health Care/the University of British Columbia research ethics board and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. Given that ARYS participants are by definition street-involved and use illicit drugs, requiring parental consent to participant would require young people to disclose to their legal guardians that they are both street-involved and using drugs. Disclosures of this nature can be expected to pose risks and potential harms to young people. This can also be expected to deter many young people from participating in the research study, which can be considered inappropriate exclusion from research. As per Article 4.6 of the Tri-Council Policy Statement, individuals deemed to lack capacity to decide whether to participate in research should not be inappropriately excluded. Therefore, youth under the age of 19 were considered emancipated minors and were permitted to participate without parental consent.
: Not applicable.
: All authors declare no conflict of interest.