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Article History

Received: 22 March 2023

Accepted: 21 September 2023

First Online: 12 October 2023

Declarations

:

: This research analyzed de-identified information downloaded from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey public database. The National Center for Health Statistics Ethics Review Committee granted ethics approval. All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations (declaration of Helsinki). All individuals provided written informed consent before participating in the study.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.