Maposa, Innocent
Twabi, Halima S.
Matsena-Zingoni, Zvifadzo
Batidzirai, Jesca M
Singini, Geoffrey
Mohammed, Mohanad
Bere, Alphonce
Kgarosi, Kabelo
Mchunu, Nobuhle
Nevhungoni, Portia
Moyo-Chilufya, Maureen
Ojifinni, Oludoyinmola
Musekiwa, Alfred
Article History
Received: 11 November 2022
Accepted: 13 October 2023
First Online: 20 October 2023
Declarations
:
: The study is a secondary data analysis of publicly available and non-identifiable data. The IRB approved procedures for Demographic and Health Surveys are carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations (e.g. Declaration of Helsinki). In particular, the ICF IRB ensures that the survey complies with the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services regulations for the protection of human subjects (45 CFR 46), while the host country IRB ensures that the survey complies with laws and norms of the nation (ExternalRef removed). The procedures do not, in any way, allow respondents, households, or sample communities to be identified. There are no names of individuals or household addresses in the data files. The geographic identifiers only go down to an enumeration area and each enumeration area has a primary sampling unit number in the data file but the numbers do not have any labels to indicate their names or locations. Before each interview is conducted, an informed consent statement is read to the respondent, who may accept or decline to participate. More details on ethical approval for DHS datasets may be accessed from ExternalRef removed. cfm. Furthermore, we received authorization to use the Rwandan dataset from the DHS Program.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.