Onyango, Silas
Kitsao-Wekulo, Patricia
Langat, Nelson
Okelo, Kenneth
Murdock, Dawn E.
Utzinger, Jürg
Fink, Günther
Funding for this research was provided by:
Conrad N. Hilton Foundation
Article History
Received: 5 February 2022
Accepted: 15 November 2023
First Online: 5 December 2023
Declarations
:
: Ethics approval was obtained from Amref Health Africa’s Ethics and Scientific Review (ESRC).
: Committee for Kenya. In addition, permission to conduct the study was obtained from the National Commission for Science, Technology, and Innovation (NACOSTI) and the Kisumu County Health Management Team before data collection. In Zambia, ethics approval was obtained from the ERES Converge institutional review board (IRB) and also from the Ministry of Health. Written informed consent was sought and obtained from study participants before any data were collected. Informed consent was also obtained from the parents for the children who were under age. For respondents who could not read and write, a thumbprint was taken as a signature but in addition, their husbands or ECD promoters provided informed consent. Informed consent document including a thumbprint signature for those could not read and write were approved by the Amref Health Africa’s ESRC. Confidentiality of the data and the participants’ privacy were respected at all times. Consenting was done at every round of data collection. Consent documents and interview guides were translated into Kiswahili (the national language) and Dholuo (the local language) while in Zambia, the documents were translated into four main Zambian languages (Bemba, Nyanja, Lozi, and Tonga). All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.