Updates are available Correction dated 2026-01-31

Article History

Received: 6 August 2024

Accepted: 21 August 2024

First Online: 2 September 2024

Change Date: 26 December 2025

Change Type: Update

Change Details: The original online version of this article was revised: an error in the author name of Liu He. This was corrected.

Change Date: 31 January 2026

Change Type: Correction

Change Details: A Correction to this paper has been published:

Change Details: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-25501-2

Declarations

:

: This study was approved by the Human Science and Technology Ethical Review Committee of Universiti Putra Malaysia (No. JKEUPM-2024-511). All procedures were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the host institution and/or the National Research Council, as well as the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later revisions or similar ethical standards. Participants were fully informed about the content and purpose of the study and provided informed consent prior to participation.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.