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Authors
Casey, Sara E.
Ngarmbatedjimal, Alexis
Varelis, Theodora
Diarra, Aminata
Kodjimadje, Thérèse
Abdelaziz, Mahamat
Djerambete, Valentin
Miangotar, Yodé
Tamira, Salomon
Ndingayande, Alladoum
Vourbane, Katchebe
Madjigoto, Robert
Luketa, Samy
de Paul Allambademel, Vincent
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Article History
Received: 4 December 2023
Accepted: 30 October 2024
First Online: 19 November 2024
Declarations
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: Ethical approvals for all study components and consent procedures were obtained from Columbia University's Institutional Review Board (IRB-AAAT0905) and the Direction de la Recherche et de l’Innovation, Direction Generale Technique de l’Enseignement Superieur, de la Recherche et de l’Innovation in Chad. All participants aged 15 and over provided verbal informed consent. Because this study met the criteria for minimal risk, parental consent for 15–17 year olds was waived. For 12–14 year old participants, verbal informed consent was obtained from their parent or guardian followed by verbal assent from the adolescent. This study was conducted according to the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
