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Article History

Received: 31 October 2024

Accepted: 16 January 2025

First Online: 24 January 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of Southwest Medical University (Approval No. SWMUIRBTX-202403-0004). Informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to the start of the study. For participants under the age of 16, informed consent was also obtained from their legal guardians. All participants received detailed information about the study’s purpose, procedures, potential risks, and benefits. A comprehensive informed consent form highlighted that participation was voluntary and that participants could withdraw from the study at any time without any consequences. To ensure privacy and confidentiality, personal information was strictly protected, and all data were anonymized and used solely for academic purposes; any identifiable data were kept confidential to prevent the disclosure of participants’ identities. Due to the vulnerability of the participant group, psychological support and resources were provided to address any negative emotions or distress arising from participation. The research team employed appropriate measures throughout data collection to minimize any discomfort or harm. The study was designed to minimize potential risks and burdens to participants, with all procedures carefully developed to avoid physical or psychological harm, and comprehensive safety measures were implemented throughout the study.

: Consent for publication was obtained from the participants and their legal guardians.

: The authors declare no competing interests.