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Article History

Received: 23 November 2024

Accepted: 16 January 2025

First Online: 27 February 2025

Declarations

:

: Since the dataset obtained from the Korea National Sports Survey did not include personally identifiable information, such as names, telephone numbers, home addresses, and social security numbers, ethical approval was not required. Moreover, all study procedures were approved by the Korea Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism and conducted in accordance with the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent was obtained from all the participants involved in the study.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.