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Authors
Chang, Tongmin
Zhao, Zengle
Liu, Xiaoyan
Zhang, Yuan
Liu, Xinjie
Zhang, Yuan
Lu, Ming
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the ECCM Program of Clinical Research Center of Shandong University (2021SDUCRCE001)
the Shandong Provincial Medical Association (YXH2022PT06001)
the TaiShan Scholars (tstp20230654)
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Article History
Received: 29 November 2024
Accepted: 19 February 2025
First Online: 24 February 2025
Declarations
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: The study was approved by the North West Multi-center Research Ethics Committee, the National Information Governance Board for Health and Social Care in England and Wales, and the Community Health Index Advisory Group in Scotland ( ). All participants provided written informed consent before participation in the study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
