Document is current

Article History

Received: 14 June 2024

Accepted: 6 March 2025

First Online: 13 March 2025

Change Date: 16 June 2025

Change Type: Update

Change Details: This article has been updated to correct a typo in figure 1.

Declarations

:

: Participants provided informed consent for the study after receiving a Participant Information Statement. Ethics approval was provided by the University of Sydney Human Research Ethics Committee (Project number: 2021/442).

: Not applicable.

: The following financial interests/personal relationships are declared that may be considered as potential competing interests: Christina Watts (CW) reports providing consultancy services to the Australian Government’s Department of Health and Ageing and Cancer Council Australia on a report recommending strategic communications on e-cigarettes and young people; receiving research funding grants from Australian Government’s Department of Health and Ageing, Cancer Council NSW, NSW Government’s Department of Health, Cancer Institute NSW and Minderoo Foundation. Anita Dessaix (AD) reports providing consultancy services to: the Australian Government’s Department of Health and Ageing and Cancer Council Australia on a report recommending strategic communications on e-cigarettes and young people; Cancer Institute NSW for vaping messaging (unpaid); the NSW CHO e-cigarette expert panel (unpaid). AD is the Director, Cancer Prevention & Advocacy for Cancer Council NSW. Alecia Brooks (AB) reports providing adviser/consultation role to: Minderoo Foundation on Tobacco Control and young people; the NSW Young people and e-cigarettes reference group; the Australian Government’s Department of Health and Ageing and Cancer Council Australia on a report recommending strategic communications on e-cigarettes and young people. Becky Freeman (BF) reports a relationship with: Cancer Council Australia for consulting or advisory services; Cancer Council NSW for consulting or advisory services and funding grants; Public Health Association of Australia Inc for travel reimbursement; NSW Government’s Department of Health for consulting or advisory services and funding grants; Cancer Institute NSW for consulting or advisory services, and advisor for vaping messaging (unpaid); World Health Organization for consulting or advisory services and travel reimbursement; National Health and Medical Research Council for consulting or advisory services; the NSW CHO e-cigarette expert panel (unpaid). Remaining authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.