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Article History

Received: 20 December 2023

Accepted: 19 March 2025

First Online: 1 April 2025

Declarations

:

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: TLS is a specific project within the Italian National Statistical Program (NSP), coordinated by the National Statistical System (Sistan). Sistan is a network of public and private entities that provide official statistical information to national and international bodies. The NSP is approved annually by law through the Italian Parliament. Since 2003, the NSP has introduced a specific form, PIE-00001 (“Monitoring of socio-economic differences in mortality and morbidity through longitudinal studies”), including the Turin Longitudinal Study (TLS). PIE-00001 states who are the TLS holder (the ASL TO3 Epidemiology Unit) and the partners (owners of each single source of data), and describes the record-linkage and statistical procedures. The owners of each data source used in this study are: the City of Turin for the historical municipal register, the Italian National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT) for the population censuses, and the University hospital Città della Salute e della Scienza for screening data. To ensure compliance with EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) 2016/679, the Italian Data Protection Authority reviews the NSP in advance. It also adheres to the Deontological Rules for Statistical and Scientific Research (introduced by Legislative Decree No. 101 of August 10, 2018, Art. 20-ter, Paragraph 4), ensuring that personal data processing follows national regulations for statistical and scientific purposes. Confidentiality is safeguarded by removing personally identifiable information from individual records and assigning internal IDs to enable secure linkage across multiple data sources. The aggregated datasets generated and analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.