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Authors
Caponnetto, Pasquale
Shiffman, Saul
Prezzavento, Graziella Chiara
Polosa, Riccardo
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Article History
Received: 31 December 2024
Accepted: 16 April 2025
First Online: 1 May 2025
Declarations
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: This study adhered to the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethics approval was obtained from the Ethics Review Board of the Department of Educational Sciences, Section of Psychology at the University of Catania (Approval Date: January 3, 2023). All participants provided informed consent before enrollment, including consent for the collection and analysis of their data for research purposes.
: Not applicable. This manuscript does not include identifiable individual data requiring consent for publication.
: SS through PinneyAssociates, provides consulting on tobacco harm reduction exclusively to JUUL Labs, Inc. RP is a full-time employee of the University of Catania, Italy. In relation to his work in the area of tobacco control and respiratory diseases, RP has received lecture fees and research funding from Pfzer, GlaxoSmithKline, CV Therapeutics, NeuroSearch A/S, Sandoz, MSD, Boehringer Ingelheim, Novartis, Duska Therapeutics, and Forest Laboratories. He has also served as a consultant for Pfzer, Global Health Alliance for treatment of tobacco dependence, CV Therapeutics, NeuroSearch A/S, Boehringer Ingelheim, Duska Therapeutics, Forest Laboratories, ECITA (Electronic Cigarette Industry Trade Association, in the UK) and Health Diplomat (a consulting company that delivers solutions to global health problems with special emphasis on harm minimization). Lecture fees from a number of European electronic cigarette industry and trade associations (including FIVAPE in France and FIESEL in Italy) were directly donated to vaper advocacy non-profit organizations. He is currently a scientific advisor for LIAF, Lega Italiana Anti Fumo (Italian acronym for Italian Anti-Smoking League) and Head of the European Technical Committee for standardization on “Requirements and test methods for emissions of electronic cigarettes” (CEN/TC 437; WG4). PC and GCP have no conflicts of interest to declare.
