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Article History

Received: 7 January 2025

Accepted: 21 May 2025

First Online: 3 June 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University (Approval Number: No. II2024-112-01). As this was a retrospective analysis based on anonymized data, the requirement for informed consent was deemed unnecessary under Article 32 of the Measures for the Ethical Review of Life Sciences and Medical Research Involving Humans (2023, China). All procedures and analyses involving human participants adhered to the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and were conducted in accordance with relevant national and institutional regulations.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.