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Authors
Cheng, Hui G.
Noggle, Brendan
Flora, Jason W.
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Article History
Received: 13 August 2024
Accepted: 22 May 2025
First Online: 3 November 2025
Declarations
:
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: All authors were employed by Altria Client Services LLC at the time of preparing this review. Altria Group, Inc.’s wholly owned subsidiaries include Philip Morris USA Inc., which is engaged in the manufacture and sale of cigarettes in the United States, and UST LLC, which, through its wholly owned subsidiary U.S. Smokeless Tobacco Company LLC, is engaged in the manufacture and sale of moist smokeless tobacco products.
