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Article History

Received: 14 February 2025

Accepted: 23 May 2025

First Online: 2 June 2025

Declarations

:

: The study was reviewed and approved by the Hacettepe University Social Sciences and Humanities Research Ethics Committee in Türkiye (No: E-66777842–300-00003075359). The researchers explained the purpose of the study and obtained written informed consent from all participants prior to data collection. Participants were informed that they could withdraw from the study at any time without providing a reason. It was also clearly stated that no payments would be made to them during the study, nor would they be required to make any payments. For illiterate participants, a sworn translator read the entire consent form aloud in their native language. Upon confirming their understanding and voluntary agreement to participate, they provided consent by signing or marking the form in the presence of both the translator and an impartial witness. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki, ensuring ethical standards in research involving human participants, including respect for autonomy, beneficence, and confidentiality.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.