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Authors
Zhamantayev, Olzhas
Smagulov, Nurlan
Tykezhanova, Gulmira
Konkabayeva, Aiman
Nukeshtayeva, Karina
Zhanalina, Gulmira
Aldanova, Zhuldyz
Shintayeva, Nurzhamal
Kurzhunbaeva, Zhyldyz
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Committee of Science of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan (IRN AP14871897)
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Article History
Received: 2 December 2023
Accepted: 23 May 2025
First Online: 3 July 2025
Declarations
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: The present study has received ethical approval from the IRB Ethics Committee of Karaganda Medical University, protocol number 09–45, November 27, 2023. The committee has granted a waiver for the informed consent, acknowledging the retrospective nature of the study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
