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Authors
Ndikubwimana, Adolphe
Checkley, William
Chen, Yunyun
Clasen, Thomas
Contreras, Carmen Lucía
Diaz-Artiga, Anaite
Dusabimana, Ephrem
de las Fuentes, Lisa
Jabbarzadeh, Shirin
Johnson, Michael
Kalisa, Egide
Karakwende, Patrick
Kirby, Miles
Lovvorn, Amy E.
McCracken, John P.
Ndagijimana, Florien
Ntakirutimana, Theoneste
Ntivuguruzwa, Jean Dieu
Peel, Jennifer L.
Pillarisetti, Ajay
Dávila-Román, Victor G.
Rosa, Ghislaine
Garg, Sarada S.
Thompson, Lisa
Waller, Lance A.
Wang, Jiantong
Clark, Maggie L.
Young, Bonnie N.
,
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Article History
Received: 31 December 2024
Accepted: 29 May 2025
First Online: 10 June 2025
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki (). The study protocol has been reviewed and approved by institutional review boards (IRBs) or Ethics Committees at Emory University (00089799), Johns Hopkins University (00007403), Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (IEC-N1/16/JUL/54/49) and the Indian Council of Medical Research – Health Ministry Screening Committee (5/8/4–30/(Env)/Indo-US/2016-NCD-I), Universidad del Valle de Guatemala (146–08-2016/11–2016) and Guatemalan Ministry of Health National Ethics Committee (11–2016), A.B. PRISMA, the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (11664–5) and the Rwandan National Ethics Committee (No.357/RNEC/2018), and Washington University of St. Louis (201611159). The HAPIN trial has been registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier NCT029446282) on October 26, 2016.However, it is a randomized control trial (RCT) not a clinical trial. And all participants provided informed consent prior to participation in the study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
