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Authors
Liu, Siying
Liu, Tingting
Lu, Cihang
Guo, Jiahui
Li, Jie
Wang, Hanyu
You, Bingxin
Guo, Qiqiang
Zhang, Jing
Li, Yongze
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province (2023-MSLH-409)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82304201, 82470826)
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Article History
Received: 28 February 2025
Accepted: 11 June 2025
First Online: 3 July 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All UK Biobank participants provided informed consent, and the project underwent rigorous ethical review to ensure compliance with the highest ethical and legal standards (Project IDs: 98937 and 206612). The NHANES study protocol was approved by the Ethics Review Committee of the National Center for Health Statistics, and all participants provided written informed consent, allowing their data to be used for health-related research.
: All authors declare no competing interests.
