Updates are available Correction dated 2025-08-27
Click to view Correction: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-24422-4
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Authors
Kamel, Iman H.
Metwally, Ammal M. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0575-5202
Zaki, Dina A.
Alam, Raefa Refaat
Ali, Amani E.
Elshaarawy, Ghada A.
El Hady, Safaa I. Abd
Samy, Ahmed G.
Elabd, Mona A.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Research Centre Egypt
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More Information
Article History
Received: 30 November 2024
Accepted: 12 June 2025
First Online: 5 July 2025
Change Date: 20 August 2025
Change Type: Update
Change Details: Following the article’s publication, an error in the author name of Ahmed G. Samy. This has been corrected.
Change Date: 27 August 2025
Change Type: Correction
Change Details: A Correction to this paper has been published:
Change Details: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-24422-4
Declarations
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: The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board and the Medical Research Ethics Committee of the National Research Centre (Approval No. 09020). Written informed consent was obtained from the parents or legal guardians of participants under 16 years of age, along with adolescent assent. For those aged 16 and above, both participant assent and parental/legal guardian consent were secured. A thumbprint was used as a signature for individuals unable to write. Participation was fully voluntary, and data confidentiality was strictly maintained. All information was anonymized and securely stored. The study complied with the Declaration of Helsinki and the International Ethical Guidelines for Biomedical Research Involving Human Subjects []. The consent process emphasized clarity to ensure comprehension, in line with national recommendations for informed consent among Egyptian patients and their guardians [].
: Non applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
