Zhao, Xiaojiang
Han, Laiguo
Ding, Hong
Li, Changqing
Funding for this research was provided by:
Philosophy and Social Sciences Foundation of the Anhui Higher Education Institutions of China (2024AH052821)
Philosophy and Social Sciences Foundation of the Anhui Higher Education Institutions of China (2024AH052823)
Article History
Received: 14 May 2025
Accepted: 4 July 2025
First Online: 30 July 2025
Declarations
:
: This secondary analysis uses CHARLS data, approved by Peking University's Biomedical Ethics Review Committee (IRB001052-11015), with participants'written consent.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.