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Authors
Liang, Ziyue
Qing, Siyu
Liang, Yifang
Zhang, Renfang
Sun, Mengyao
Ren, Ziyu
Xu, Chunejie
Lin, Fei
Wang, Yongbin
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Open Project Program of the Graduate Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of Xinxiang Medical University (YJSCX202450Y)
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Article History
Received: 19 April 2025
Accepted: 8 July 2025
First Online: 2 August 2025
Declarations
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: CHARLS received ethical approval from Peking University (IRB00001052-11015). Participants provided informed consent, with data anonymized for confidentiality. This study used de-identified secondary data and adhered to the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. The research protocol for this paper was reviewed and approved by the institutional review board of Xinxiang Medical University (No: XYLL-2019072). No further ethical approval was required for the analysis of this anonymized dataset.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
