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Authors
Issa, Farah
Abdulla, Marah
Abouzoor, Rana
Abdallah, Atiyeh M. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4812-956X
Al-Hamdani, Mohammed https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2527-4492
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Qatar University
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Article History
Received: 21 April 2025
Accepted: 9 July 2025
First Online: 7 August 2025
Declarations
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: Ethical approval for QBB data access and an analysis happened in two steps. First, QBB Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the Qatar Precision Health Institute granted ethical approval for this study (Ex- 2024-QF-QBB-RES-ACC-00206-0279), and then Qatar University IRB granted ethical approval under (QU-IRB 316/2024-EM) at Qatar University. All research was performed in accordance with relevant guidelines/regulations. We accessed the data as secondary data from the QBB database following the above-mentioned approvals. Prior to that, all participants provided written informed consent when participating in the QBB data pool appreciating that their data can be anonymously shared for the purposes of research.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
