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Authors
Gamal, Aliaa https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7508-4120
Awwad, Sara Adel https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9159-2731
Abdallfatah, Abdallfatah https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2055-9134
Azim, Ahmed Adel Abdel https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8914-0791
Alhayek, Waleed https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1864-4629
Elgamal, Hagar https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2236-1272
Omar, Sarah Saleh https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8002-6923
Koura, Noura Waleed https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8156-5180
Soliman, Abdelrahman Sameh https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3944-7712
Masoud, Abdelazeez Ahmed https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7267-1961
Yousef, Obai https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5832-3780
Abouzid, Mohamed https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8917-671X
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Deraya University
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Article History
Received: 2 February 2025
Accepted: 9 July 2025
First Online: 27 August 2025
Declarations
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: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and the specific regulatory requirements of each participating country. In Egypt, ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Review Committee of the Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University (Minia). In Syria, approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of the Cancer Research Centre, Tishreen University (Lattakia). In Jordan, the study’s non-interventional, attitude-based design falls under the exemption provisions of the Jordanian Clinical Trials Law No. 10 of 2001 and the Ministry of Health Guidelines for Research Involving Human Subjects, so no formal Institutional Review Board review was required. All participants were informed about the study’s objectives, assured of confidentiality, and provided written informed consent before completing the anonymous questionnaire.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
