Rotkin-Ellman, Miriam
Carpenter, Catherine
Richardson, Maxwell J.
English, Paul B.
Gunier, Robert B.
Harley, Kim G.
Funding for this research was provided by:
Californians for Pesticide Reform
Natural Resources Defense Council
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC-RFA-EH22-2022, CDC-RFA-EH22-2022)
Article History
Received: 24 January 2025
Accepted: 10 July 2025
First Online: 30 September 2025
<!--Emphasis Type='Bold' removed-->Declarations
:
: This study was conducted in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki’s requirements for secondary research on stored data. The study protocol and data handling were reviewed and approved by the California Health and Human Services Agency’s Committee for the Protection of Human Subjects—an Institutional Review Board (IRB) authorized by the United States Office of Human Research Protections (Federal wide Assurance #00000681). The IRB waived the need for consent to participate and determined that the project qualifies as “Not Research” under the US Federal Policy for the Protection of Human Subjects (the “Common Rule”).
: Not Applicable.
: MRE is contracted as a consultant by Californians for Pesticide Reform, a fiscally sponsored project of Social and Environmental Entrepreneurs, Inc., a nonprofit corporation. The other authors declare that they have no competing interests.