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Authors
Bigwanto, Mouhamad https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8436-5140
Pénzes, Melinda https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7396-4028
Kodriati, Nurul https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2417-3590
Rachmawati, Emma https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5983-4120
Amalia, Nida https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7561-0223
Urbán, Róbert https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2058-5937
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Eötvös Loránd University
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Article History
Received: 21 January 2025
Accepted: 16 July 2025
First Online: 14 August 2025
Declarations
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: The study was approved by the Medical and Health Research Ethics Committee at the University of Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. HAMKA. Informed consent was obtained from each participant and their class teacher, with prior approval from the school principal, in accordance with national health research and development ethical guidelines and standards. In specific cases, the ethics committee may permit the substitution of parental consent with the approval of the principal or teacher in charge. This exception applies particularly when the research is conducted during school hours under the teacher’s supervision, poses no significant risk to the children, and does not involve the collection of sensitive or personal data []. The study was also conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki [].
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
