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Article History

Received: 21 April 2025

Accepted: 21 July 2025

First Online: 9 August 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was conducted under the auspices of the Jordan Center for Disease Control (Jordan CDC), a national governmental authority for public health. The Research, Health Policy, and Training Directorate at Jordan CDC reviewed the study protocol and concluded that formal ethical approval was not required. This determination was based on the study’s nature, which involved no experimentation or direct interaction with patients or human subjects and relied solely on secondary data analysis and stakeholder input. Accordingly, the study was granted an exemption from full IRB review. Informed consent was obtained from all experts who contributed their insights and feedback. Expert input was solicited from relevant institutions to ensure the credibility and rigor of the findings. The study did not involve human or animal subjects, and all procedures adhered to the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki (1964) and its subsequent amendments.

: Not Applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.