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Authors
Wang, Xue https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0371-4004
Yin, Zhihua https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7209-7046
Gao, Qian https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6291-6108
Song, Yunfeng https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7661-8147
Xu, Hanchen https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7992-7258
Zang, Shuang https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7814-8011
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Article History
Received: 25 September 2023
Accepted: 22 July 2025
First Online: 16 August 2025
Declarations
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: The CLHLS received ethical approval from the Biomedical Ethics Committee of Peking University (IRB00001052-13074). All participants provided written informed consent before completing the survey. Our study was conducted in accordance with the WMA Declaration of Helsinki–Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
