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Authors
Dejazmach, Zelalem
Ayal, Birtukan Gizachew
Kassahun, Woldeteklehaymanot
Kumie, Getinet
Kassa, Muluemebet
Yayeh, Berihun Mulu
Ahmed, Seada Seid
Gela, Abebe Worku
Debash, Habtu
Ayalew, Selamawit
Ameshe, Asmamaw
Alamrew, Abebaw
Asfaw, Mulu Shiferaw
feleke, Sefineh Fenta
Reta, Melese Abate
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Woldia University
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Article History
Received: 4 November 2024
Accepted: 22 July 2025
First Online: 9 August 2025
Declarations
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: The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical declaration of Helsinki for research on human participant, after obtaining ethical approval from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Woldia University with protocol number WDU/IRB001. An official permission letter was also obtained from the North Wollo Zone Health Department and district administrative health offices. Before data collection began, written informed consent or assent was secured from parents or guardians, and respondents were assured of confidentiality. Participants were told of the study’s goal and that their participation was voluntary and unpaid. They were also informed of their right to withdraw from the study at any point throughout the interview.
: N/A.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
