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Article History

Received: 4 October 2024

Accepted: 14 August 2025

First Online: 24 September 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committees and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University (Ethics Approval Number: KY2024322). Given the anonymous nature of the survey and the minimal risk posed to participants, the study was classified as low-risk. Informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their inclusion in the study. Participants were fully informed about the study’s purpose, procedures, potential risks, and benefits, and were aware that their participation was voluntary and that they could withdraw at any time without negative consequences.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.