Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Routhier, Giselle
Titus, Andrea R.
Xin, Yao
Cui, Binyu
Cook, Stephanie H.
-
Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institutes of Health, Office of the Director: Regional Medical Centers (1 OT2 OD026549; 1 OT2 OD026554; 1 OT2 OD026557; 1 OT2 OD026556; 1 OT2 OD026550; 1 OT2 OD 026552; 1 OT2 OD026553; 1 OT2 OD026548; 1 OT2 OD026551; 1 OT2 OD026555; IAA #: AOD 16037, 1 OT2 OD026549; 1 OT2 OD026554; 1 OT2 OD026557; 1 OT2 OD026556; 1 OT2 OD026550; 1 OT2 OD 026552; 1 OT2 OD026553; 1 OT2 OD026548; 1 OT2 OD026551; 1 OT2 OD026555; IAA #: AOD 16037, 1 OT2 OD026549; 1 OT2 OD026554; 1 OT2 OD026557; 1 OT2 OD026556; 1 OT2 OD026550; 1 OT2 OD 026552; 1 OT2 OD026553; 1 OT2 OD026548; 1 OT2 OD026551; 1 OT2 OD026555; IAA #: AOD 16037)
National Institutes of Health, Office of the Director: Federally Qualified Health Centers (HHSN 263201600085U, HHSN 263201600085U, HHSN 263201600085U)
National Institutes of Health, Office of the Director: Data and Research Center (5 U2C OD023196, 5 U2C OD023196, 5 U2C OD023196)
National Institutes of Health, Office of the Director: Biobank (1 U24 OD023121, 1 U24 OD023121, 1 U24 OD023121)
National Institutes of Health, Office of the Director: The Participant Center (U24 OD023176, U24 OD023176, U24 OD023176)
National Institutes of Health, Office of the Director: Participant Technology Systems Center (1 U24 OD023163, 1 U24 OD023163, 1 U24 OD023163)
National Institutes of Health, Office of the Director: Communications and Engagement (3 OT2 OD023205; 3 OT2 OD023206, 3 OT2 OD023205; 3 OT2 OD023206, 3 OT2 OD023205; 3 OT2 OD023206)
National Institutes of Health, Office of the Director: Community Partners (1 OT2 OD025277; 3 OT2 OD025315; 1 OT2 OD025337; 1 OT2 OD025276, 1 OT2 OD025277; 3 OT2 OD025315; 1 OT2 OD025337; 1 OT2 OD025276, 1 OT2 OD025277; 3 OT2 OD025315; 1 OT2 OD025337; 1 OT2 OD025276)
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 27 March 2024
Accepted: 20 August 2025
First Online: 1 October 2025
Declarations
:
: Per All of Us Research Program guidance, this secondary data analysis was not considered human subjects research under the Common Rule because it did not include either direct participant contact or identifiable data or biospecimens; and the data has been carefully curated to help prevent it from identifying All of Us participants, while preserving its scientific utility. The All of Us Research Program materials, including protocols, informed consent, and participant facing materials were all approved by the All of Us Institutional Review Board, in accordance with the Belmont Report Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research. All participants provided informed consent to participate.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
