Document is current

Article History

Received: 31 May 2025

Accepted: 21 August 2025

First Online: 12 November 2025

Change Date: 10 January 2026

Change Type: Update

Change Details: Following the article's publication, the funding statement was updated

Declarations

:

: The permission to conduct this study was obtained from the teachers and principals of those participating schools. All students participating in the study, and their parents or guardians, were informed and participants were voluntary to take part in this survey. Verbal informed consent was obtained from all parents/guardians or teachers, and positive assent was obtained from all students before data collection which was approved by Institution of Review Board at Nanjing Sport Institute. This study survey was also approved by Institution of Review Board at Nanjing Sport Institute. Procedures performed in studies were in accordance with national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Data were collected and analyzed anonymously.

: All authors have approved the manuscript and its submission and publication.

: The authors declare no competing interests.