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Authors
Lin, Yanming
Zhang, Guoting
Fu, Hongqiao
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Article History
Received: 14 May 2024
Accepted: 25 August 2025
First Online: 6 October 2025
Declarations
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: In the quantitative component, ethics approval for data collection in the Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS) dataset was granted by the Institutional Review Board of Renmin University of China. All participates in the survey were asked for written informed consent. We used the public data of CGSS, and no additional ethics approval was needed. In the qualitative component, ethics approval was obtained from Peking University Institutional Review Board (IRB00001052-21037). Informed consent to participate was obtained from all participants in the study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
