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Article History

Received: 28 April 2025

Accepted: 27 August 2025

First Online: 17 October 2025

Declarations

:

: The study was approved by Western Sydney University Human Research Ethics Committee [H13120] and the Ghanaian Department of Social Development. The research adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki. Participants provided written informed consent regarding data collection and use. The informed consent form in the Akan (Twi) or English language was read to participants by BOA and those who agreed were asked to sign the form in two copies: one for the respondent to keep and one for BOA. participants were given time up to 24 h to consider their participation and had the opportunity to re-confirm their consent as needed.

: Not Applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.