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Authors
Gonzalez, Veronica Valencia
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Division of Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences (NSF Award #2016661)
Center for Global Peace and Conflict Studies, School of Social Sciences, University of California, Irvine
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Article History
Received: 7 May 2025
Accepted: 17 September 2025
First Online: 12 November 2025
Declarations
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: This study received ethical approval from the Institutional Review Board at the University of California, Irvine (Protocol #728) and was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Verbal informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection. Confidentiality measures included pseudonyms, data de-identification, and secure storage. Participants were informed of their right to pause or withdraw from the study at any time. Trauma-sensitive interviewing techniques were employed, and referral information for local support services was offered at the conclusion of each interview.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
