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Authors
Kamara, Abu-Bakarr S.
Moseray, Andrew
Fatoma, Patrick
Lamin, Joseph Morison
Sankoh, Osman A.
Rogers, Mohamed Kemoh
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Article History
Received: 11 October 2024
Accepted: 17 September 2025
First Online: 31 October 2025
Declarations
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: This study received ethical approval from the Njala University Institutional Review Board (NU-IRB), Sierra Leone, and was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent was obtained from all participants before data collection. For illiterate participants, consent was obtained via thumbprint in the presence of an impartial witness, and where applicable, legal guardians provided consent on their behalf.
: Not applicable. This manuscript does not contain any identifying images or other personal or clinical details of participants that compromise anonymity.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
