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Article History

Received: 16 July 2025

Accepted: 18 September 2025

First Online: 3 November 2025

Declarations

:

: Ethical approval was obtained from the Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Committee of Bursa Uludağ University (Approval No: 2021–04, Date: 28 April 2021). Permission was also obtained from the authors who developed and tested the scales for validity and reliability. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to the data collection process. Participation was entirely voluntary, and all participants received detailed information regarding the purpose, scope, and confidentiality of the study. The principle of confidentiality was adhered to by informing participants that their personal information would not be shared with anyone and that no one except the researcher would be able to access their information. They were also informed that their information would not be used for any purpose other than for this study on Google Forms. This study was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.

: Not applicable, as the manuscript does not contain any data from individual persons.

: The authors declare no competing interests.