Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Liu, Chen
Wu, Tianfeng
Liu, Xiaowei
Qin, Cun
Xu, Yao
Bai, Pinqing
Ren, Yaping
-
Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Pudong New Area Health Committee (No. 2025-PWDL-20)
Pudong New Area Science and Technology Development-Innovation Fund (PKJ2022-Y70)
Science and Technology Program of Pudong Center for Disease Control and Prevention (YJY-2024-01)
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 22 July 2025
Accepted: 29 September 2025
First Online: 27 November 2025
Declarations
:
: The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was approved by the Pudong New Area CDC/School of Public Health Fudan University Ethics Committee (2022-TYSQ-03-151).For this study involving children, written informed consent was obtained from the legal guardians of all participants prior to enrollment. Consent materials were distributed via school health teachers, and guardians were encouraged to review the study information and discuss participation with their children. Participation was voluntary, and all data were collected and handled in strict confidence.
: Not applicable. This manuscript does not contain any individual person’s data in any form (including individual details, images, or videos).
: The authors declare no competing interests.
