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Authors
Liu, Tao https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0776-2900
Zeng, Jianwei
Qi, Gongzhao
Wang, Yuhong
Liu, Ying
Peng, Liping
Li, Xiaogang
Jiang, Weihong https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8369-9694
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province. China (2022JJ30874)
Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (2024JJ5515)
Key Research and Development Program of Hunan Province (2022SK2029)
Hunan Provincial Health High-Level Talent Scientific Research Project (NO. R2023028)
National Key Clinical Specialty Scientific Research Project (NO. Z2023128)
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Article History
Received: 6 November 2024
Accepted: 6 October 2025
First Online: 21 November 2025
Declarations
:
: NHANES protocols are approved by the National Center for Health Statistics Research Ethics Review Board, ensuring adherence to ethical research practices.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
