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Article History

Received: 27 January 2025

Accepted: 6 October 2025

First Online: 11 November 2025

Declarations

:

: Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Ribeirão Preto Nursing School at the University of São Paulo (EERP/USP) under the Certificate of Submission for Ethical Appraisal (CAAE) no. 32210320.1.3001.5393. The entire investigation was conducted in accordance with Resolution No. 466, dated December 12, 2012, of the National Health Council, adhering to the relevant ethical and scientific principles. In addition, the study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the Declaration of Helsinki. Prior to administering the questionnaire, participants were presented with the Informed Consent Form (ICF). Data collection only commenced after participants had agreed to and signed the ICF. The ICF was prepared in duplicate, read in full, and initialed on each page by both the participant and the interviewer. For illiterate participants, fingerprints were collected in lieu of signatures, and each party retained a copy of the form, along with an explanation of the importance of keeping the document. It is important to emphasize that participation in the study was entirely voluntary.

: Participants provided informed consent prior to data collection by signing the Informed Consent Form (ICF), which was prepared in duplicate, read in full, and initialed on each page by both parties. Illiterate participants provided fingerprints in place of signatures. Each party retained a copy, and participation was entirely voluntary.

: The authors declare no competing interests.