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Authors
Qadeer, Abdul
An, Hsin-Yu
Wakid, Majed H.
Hussain, Shahid
Asiri, Mohammed
Alzahrani, Fuad M.
Alzahrani, Khalid J.
Alsharif, Khalaf F.
Chen, Chien-Chin
Ahmad, Iqbal
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Deanship of Scientific Research, King Khalid University (R.G.P.02/709/46)
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Article History
Received: 5 July 2025
Accepted: 13 October 2025
First Online: 24 November 2025
Declarations
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: This study received ethical approval from the Ethics Committee of Kohsar University, Muree, which conformed to the ethical guidelines outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. The respondents provided electronic informed consent, presented at the beginning of the survey, by selecting either “Yes” or “No” for the statement: “I voluntarily participate in this study after understanding its objectives, and I provide my responses willingly and truthfully,” before proceeding to the online self-administered questionnaire.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
