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Authors
Luo, Yushuang
Bu, Xiaona
Liu, Xiaoxiao
Meng, Yao
Xue, Bing
Sun, Xiaona
Li, Xinyi
Zhu, Zhiming
Wang, Kaifa
Li, Qiang
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Article History
Received: 20 April 2025
Accepted: 16 October 2025
First Online: 5 December 2025
Declarations
:
: Ethics approval was obtained by the National Center for Health Statistics and informed consent was obtained for all participants. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical review and approval were waived for this study due to the use of publicly available data.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
