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Authors
Zhu, Wei
Zhao, Dingyuan
Cai, Ming
Ruan, Lianguo
Tang, Heng
Zhang, Faxue
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (2024AFB343)
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Article History
Received: 23 August 2025
Accepted: 19 October 2025
First Online: 1 December 2025
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital (KY-2021-14). The committee waived the need for informed consent because the research was performed on pre-existing, anonymized data from a retrospective cohort.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
