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Authors
Su, Mingzhu
Cong, Hongbin
Nie, Hongwei
Li, Chaofan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6238-1257
Feng, Yujia
Xu, Cai
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Humanities and Social Science Fund of Ministry of Education of China
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Article History
Received: 26 May 2025
Accepted: 2 November 2025
First Online: 8 December 2025
Declarations
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: The Ethics Review Board of the Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, Shandong University approved this study (No. ECSHCMSDU202230701), and it adhered to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to entry into this study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
