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Authors
Godinho, Cristina A.
Francisco, Rita
Gaspar, Rui
Henriques, Joana
Costa, Andreia
António, João
Costa, Diana
Fernandes, Teresa
Arriaga, Miguel
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Directorate-General of Health
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Article History
Received: 28 July 2025
Accepted: 6 November 2025
First Online: 28 December 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Ethics Council of the Lisbon School of Nursing, with the Reference number: 3089/2023. All study procedures were in accordance with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments. Participants were informed about the study goals and procedures, and confidentiality and anonymity were ensured prior to participation. Informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
