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Article History

Received: 3 August 2025

Accepted: 6 November 2025

First Online: 28 August 2026

Declarations

Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The research protocol was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (Approval Code: IR.MUI.NUREMA.REC.1401.112). After obtaining necessary institutional permissions, participants were recruited from the research setting. Prior to data collection, detailed information regarding the study’s objectives, methods, and confidentiality measures was provided to all participants. Informed consent was obtained both verbally and in writing, and participants were assured of their right to withdraw from the study at any stage without any consequences. Individual interviews were conducted in a private and comfortable environment and were audio-recorded with the participants’ permission using an MP4 device.

Consent for publication: Not applicable.

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.