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Authors
Dülger, Hanifi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2442-6538
Ada, Güleser https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6300-6456
Dilcen, Hacer Yalnız https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5911-7201
Bilişli, Yasemin https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9272-9568
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Article History
Received: 16 June 2025
Accepted: 11 November 2025
First Online: 2 December 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Bartın University Social and Human Sciences Ethics Committee (decision no: 2023-SBB-0405). Informed consent was obtained from all the participants and/or their legal guardians prior to data collection. Institutional permission for online data collection was obtained from Bartın University. All procedures were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable. No identifying images or personal/clinical details of participants are included in this manuscript.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
