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Authors
Boutros, Paula Hage
Papazian, Tatiana
Tawtah, Lynn
Merhi, Samar
Salameh, Estelle
Fares, Jessy El Hayek
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Article History
Received: 25 August 2025
Accepted: 12 November 2025
First Online: 3 December 2025
Declarations
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: The research protocol was approved by the Modern University for Business and Science (MUBS) Institutional Review Board (MU-20241220-52), the Notre Dame University-Louaize (NDU) Institutional Review Board (IRB 202501), and the ethical committee of Saint Joseph University (USJ) (CER-2025-82) before data collection and was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Participants were informed about the purpose of the study before participation and provided informed consent by selecting “I agree” on the first page of the survey hosted on the online platform Google Forms. Only consenting individuals were able to proceed. The survey was anonymous, with no personal identifiers collected. Participants were informed they could withdraw at any time without penalty.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
