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Article History

Received: 14 May 2025

Accepted: 14 November 2025

First Online: 25 November 2025

Declarations

:

: The Institute of Public Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife Ethics Review Committee (IPHREC) gave its ethical approval for the study’s conduct (Ref Number: IPH/OAU/12/1854). The study was also allowed to be conducted in the area by the Irewole LGA Office. Furthermore, the study was carried out in accordance with the ethical guidelines established by the Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent revisions or similar guidelines [ ].Teenagers under the age of eighteen gave their agreement, while those eighteen and older gave their informed consent. The heads of the family or the legal guardians of the teenagers signed an informed consent form. The purpose of the study and its advantages were explained to the participants before they signed the informed consent form. They were made aware of their freedom to take part in the study or to leave at any moment if they so desired. One of the study's advantages for the participant was a complimentary nutrition evaluation.All the participants were assured of confidentiality. Data were anonymized and stored in a passworded computer only accessible to the authorized members of the research team.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.