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Authors
Alwahibah, Salma https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0534-8244
Fetyani, Lolwa https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6581-3024
Alnashmi, Fai https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7017-870X
Ashy, Majed https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6970-0703
Alkusayer, Asma https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1596-6881
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
The Deputyship for Research and Innovation, Ministry of Education in Saudi Arabia (SS-150)
The Deputyship for Research and Innovation, Ministry of Education in Saudi Arabia (SS-150)
The Deputyship for Research and Innovation, Ministry of Education in Saudi Arabia (SS-150)
The Deputyship for Research and Innovation, Ministry of Education in Saudi Arabia (SS-150)
The Deputyship for Research and Innovation, Ministry of Education in Saudi Arabia (SS-150)
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Article History
Received: 2 June 2025
Accepted: 15 November 2025
First Online: 22 November 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the National Institutional Review Board of King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (protocol number RC20/049/R). The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent was obtained from all participants. The purpose and duration of the study were explained, and participants were informed that responses would remain anonymous and that they could withdraw from the study at any point.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
