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Authors
Yi, Bo
Huang, Yiran
Tian, Aili
Hou, Xu
Yu, Longmei
Lin, Queran
Zhang, Haiyun
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Article History
Received: 27 October 2025
Accepted: 19 November 2025
First Online: 25 November 2025
Declarations
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: This study conducted a secondary analysis using publicly available GBD data, in compliance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. Since the GBD 2021 data is publicly available and does not require authorization from the owner, this study necessitates neither ethical review nor informed consent.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
